I’ve always heard my comrades insist that Marxism-Leninism is scientific. I understand how dialectical materialism is scientific, and I understand that Marxism-Leninism is rooted in dialectical materialism. For a while, that satisfied me, but lately I’ve been reading material about how Marxists might present falsifiable hypotheses which made me realize I don’t understand how this works at all.
How do I, a Marxist, go about studying society scientifically in a way that dovetails nicely with dialectical materialism? Do I have to do experiments? What does that look like? How will I know if I’m wrong? Examples would help.
To the falsifiability of scientific socialism: it is not that scientific socialism is or isn’t falsifiable; consider if the scientific method itself is falsifiable. It is not. Branches of science are not thought of as falsifiable. What is falsifiable are theories and assertions through experimentation. Which is what practice is. The method and the philosophy of science is dictated by philosophy. All science is based on philosophy as a tool to justify its existence. Just the same with diamat. It is not worth the time to get hung up on this matter too much unless you really are wanting to put a lot of work into the philosophy of science, which is cool too. Read Thomas Kuhn if you want to learn more about how science develops.
What the diamat and historical materialism offer is a new branch of science and epistemology with which to experiment.
As with all science, it is open developments and change through experimentation and experience.
This is how I understand it, please correct me, comrades, if I have misunderstood or misinterpreted something.
A technicality here: both Hegelian dialectics and Marxist dialectics are a fair bit older than Popper’s Critical Rationalism. He actually formulated his theory of Falsifiability as a counter to Marxism after learning about Diamat firsthand from Marxists.
Going on a tangent because I got carried away researching this comment (it’s not you, it’s me. I agree with you, just being a nerd)…
https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/bppmpw/comment/enwrbco/
Methods, like Popper’s, that came from the positivists have some utility. Their probabilistic research methods are quite useful in ‘hard science’ experimentation (though this seems to just translate to “sciences that make sense to critical rationalists”). But they’re not as useful when generalized to theory and complex systems, and scientists break from critical rationalism all the time to argue this or that theory is more likely to be true. Popper famously disagreed with General Relativity and has since been shown to be incorrect in his skepticism, using his own methods of empricism.
Some marxists think falsifiability is so pushed upon science students because of its propaganda value. A great example of how falsifiability works in favor of the bourgeoise is in the psychological concept of ‘controlling for socioeconomic factors’ which is science-speak for “we don’t want to address class in this experiment”.
That’s not to say that there aren’t social scientists out there studying the intersectionality between class, race, sex, and other psychological factors. But oftentimes, controlling for SES can be used as a smokescreen to individualize mental disorders and their treatment methods. Many social scientists don’t want to get entangled in the idea of taking on an entire class structure to treat illness (either out of ignorance or politics). Therefore, we don’t get treatment methods which involve funneling public funds to community outreach or mutual aid or actually allievating stressors and alienation caused by capitalism.
The result is clear in that most people use psychologists as “legal drug dealers” as that is about as far as you can go with psychology limited by Popperian science. In this case, dialectics gets the goods.
Given that positivism descends from Kant, we can see similarities here to Marxist criticisms of ideological Kantianism:
Yes.
Haha, Go off! Dope exposition.
I’m here for it.
Thanks for the write-up and the sources.
Sounds right to me, Samubai.