I am presently reading Katherine Aron‐Beller’s Christian Images and Their Jewish Desecrators, and I especially enjoy the fact how even prior to the first millennium, xenophobic gentiles were portraying Jews (based on the slimmest of evidence) as being partners in crime with whoever was the public enemy of the day, such as Muslims or even competing Christian denominations. One brief example:

During the reign of Constantine V (741–775) who is considered the most “iconoclastic” emperor of the eighth and ninth centuries, iconophiles associated their iconoclast opponents and their position on idolatry with Jews, typically denouncing them as blasphemers and destroyers of images.⁷⁸

We’re all familiar with the more recent iteration known as ‘Judeo‐Bolshevism’, and we may be witnessing a more complex iteration now where ‘bad Jews’ like George Soros (not that I admire him unjokingly) are responsible for the recent university protests and for Hamas’s present funding. Since merely blaming ‘the Jews’ for these protests would be too confusing, the Zionist distinctions between ‘good Jews’ and ‘bad Jews’ could come in handy.