Sort of – there were various tendencies involved, including anarchists. But Engels considered it the first dictatorship of the proletariat. Remember too that in 1871, the theory of the proletarian state was still somewhat in its infancy (which is one reason why the commune was crushed). The big divide between communists and anarchists was actually over whether peasants or the industrial workers were the real revolutionary class. The Paris commune proceeded from industrial workers, which put it firmly in the communist camp.