Quoting Yehuda Bauer’s ‘Sarny and Rokitno in the Holocaust: A Case Study of Two Townships in Wolyn (Volhynia)’ in The Shtetl: New Evaluations, pages 267–9:

The murder of the two communities took place in August 1942, on the twenty‐sixth for Rokitno and on the twenty‐seventh for Sarny. Characteristically, the order of the Generalkommissar of the Bezirk, in Lutzk, to liquidate all Jewish ghettoes within six weeks was issued after the murder in the two townships; it came on August 31, in the wake of a meeting of [Axis] officials in Lutzk on August 29–31. To act first, and confirm the decision to do so later, was a common [Axis] practice.

In Sarny, [Axis] and [collaborationist] policemen were supplemented by some 200 members of the Todt organization, which was charged with building and repairing, but was also used for murder actions against Jews. Prior to the mass murder, rumor spread that [an Axis] police station in the area, in Ostarky, was annihilated by partisans, who were reported to have killed 20 Germans.⁶⁸ If this indeed took place, it may have constituted an additional incentive for the [Axis] to annihilate the area’s ghettos.

In Sarny, a tragic discussion took place on the eve of the mass murder. A resistance group was created apparently at the very last minute. Consisting of former members of Zionist groups, together with refugee strongmen (shlegers), many probably with a criminal background, it included the head of the Jewish Police, Yonah Margalit, a former teacher in the Hebrew school. Together they organized themselves into three groups that were poised to burn the ghetto and enable people to escape to the nearby forests.⁶⁹ They had the blessing of Gershonok.

However, when the [Axis] concentrated forces in Sarny and the Jews became suspicious, the Judenrat’s secretary, Neumann, argued that he had received assurances from the acting Gebietskommissar of Sarny, Krökel, that no harm would befall the Jews. The potential rebels decided that they could not take upon themselves the responsibility of acting, and thereby sentencing the ghetto to death, if there was a reasonable chance that nothing would happen; the rebellion was aborted.⁷⁰

On and after August 24, the [Axis] concentrated all the Jews from the Sarny district in Sarny; some 14,000 Jews and 100 Roma […] were also brought in. Some three days of thirst and starvation followed, as the Jews were guarded by [anticommunists] armed to the teeth.⁷¹ There was a wooden structure in the enclosure, and the [Roma] and some Jews were kept inside.

On August 27, the Jews of Sarny were driven out of their homes and forced to join the others in the enclosure. The first to be taken out to be killed, on that day, were the recently arrived Rokitno Jews. Soon, automatic fire was heard from the nearby forest. Now there was no further doubt about the [Axis’s] intentions, and two members of the Sarny underground, Yosef Gendelman and the smith Tendler, who had managed to smuggle in his wire‐cutter, rushed to the fence and cut it.

At the same time [that] the [Roma] set fire to their barracks—the actions may have been coordinated—and in the ensuing commotion, while some 500–1,000 Jews escaped, about 2,500 were killed on the spot by automatic fire. The rest were then taken out to the forest and killed there. After the massacre, [Axis] and [collaborationist] police and members of the Todt organization searched Sarny and murdered Jews trying to hide. “Almost all the Christian population, Ukrainian as well as Polish, participated in killing the Jews.”⁷²

In Rokitno, there had been two roll calls of all the Jews (on March 12 and March 17, 1942) before the final liquidation, possibly in order to lull any suspicions on the part of the victims.⁷³ When the third roll call was ordered, for August 26, members of the Judenrat calmed the people by saying that after the assembly on a cattle market, near the railway, they would be sent home again.⁷⁴

The [Axis] prepared railway carriages to transport the Rokitno Jews to Sarny and kill them there. All came—contrary to the situation in Sarny, we don’t hear of people hiding. The roll call yielded 1,638 (some survivors say 1,631) present.⁷⁵ The [collaborationist] police, under the command of Oberwachmeister of the Gendarmerie Sokolowski, possibly a Polish Volksdeutscher from Silesia (or Berlin), guarded the assembled Jews, but they left one side of the square open, whether intentionally or not is not clear.⁷⁶

[Collaborative] militiamen from one of the battalions mentioned above then marched into positions near the square. According to a number of testimonies, there was also a Latvian unit.⁷⁷ A Jewish woman, Mindl Eisenberg (known as “Mindl Cossack” because of her physique and courage), saw this and screamed “Jews, they have come to kill us.”⁷⁸

The militia and the [Axis] gendarmes began shooting, and then a disorganized, panicked, mass attempt to escape ensued, in which hundreds managed to run to the adjoining forest—the estimates vary between 400 and 900. Many women with small children were among them, but of these, only a few managed to escape the pursuers.⁷⁹ Families were torn apart, and groups of Jews began wandering through the dense forests. In the shtetl, the rest, variously estimated at between 800 and 1,200, were herded into the cattle wagons.

Between 100 and 300 were killed on the spot. There are no German or Polish accounts, and the survivors could not reconcile their different impressions of the numbers involved.

(Emphasis added. All told, the Axis and its collaborators exterminated approximately fourteen thousand of Sarny’s Jews.)

I feel like I am only stating the obvious here, but I want to remind readers that my intention behind highlighting Christian anti‐Judaism is not to make contemporary Christians feel ashamed or guilty by association (especially if they already respect and cherish Judaism). Rather, historically many gentiles referred to their culturally specific variants of Christianity to justify their exploitation of Jews, theft of their belongings, or elimination of economic competition, thereby helping gentiles either stay in business or keep their jobs. An oppressor professing Christianity should be noted but never overstated.