Sputnik 1 (/ˈspʌtnɪk, ˈspʊtnɪk/, ‹See Tfd›Russian: Спутник-1, Satellite 1) was the first artificial Earth satellite. It was launched into an elliptical low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957 as part of the Soviet space program. It sent a radio signal back to Earth for three weeks before its three silver-zinc batteries became depleted. Aerodynamic drag caused it to fall back into the atmosphere on 4 January 1958. The world’s first observation was made at the school observatory in Rodewisch (Saxony).

It was a polished metal sphere 58 cm (23 in) in diameter with four external radio antennas to broadcast radio pulses. Its radio signal was easily detectable by amateur radio operators, and the 65° orbital inclination made its flight path cover virtually the entire inhabited Earth.

The satellite’s success was unanticipated by the United States. This precipitated the American Sputnik crisis and triggered the Space Race, part of the Cold War. The launch was the beginning of a new era of political, military, technological, and scientific developments. The word sputnik is Russian for satellite when interpreted in an astronomical context; its other meanings are spouse or traveling companion.

Tracking and studying Sputnik 1 from Earth provided scientists with valuable information. The density of the upper atmosphere could be deduced from its drag on the orbit, and the propagation of its radio signals gave data about the ionosphere.

Sputnik 1 was launched during the International Geophysical Year from Site No.1/5, at the 5th Tyuratam range, in Kazakh SSR (now known as the Baikonur Cosmodrome). The satellite traveled at a peak speed of about 8 km/s (18,000 mph), taking 96.20 minutes to complete each orbit. It transmitted on 20.005 and 40.002 MHz, which were monitored by radio operators throughout the world. The signals continued for 22 days until the transmitter batteries depleted on 26 October 1957. On 4 January 1958, after three months in orbit, Sputnik 1 burned up while reentering Earth’s atmosphere, having completed 1,440 orbits of the Earth, and travelling a distance of approximately 70,000,000 km (43,000,000 mi).

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  • bazingabrain [comrade/them]@hexbear.net
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    24 minutes ago

    Reminder that even fucking Sven Olov Lindholm himself later changed camps, said nazism was a blight on mankind, and that the holocaust had happened and was a crime. A former swedish Nazi politician still had more integrity than MSM western journalist will ever have.

  • LocalOaf [they/them]@hexbear.net
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    2 minutes ago

    (Looking up sportsball shit online)

    NBA preseason game coming up between the Trail Blazers and Clippers in… Seattle? Hosted by… the Pokemon Company?? wtf shocked-pikachu puzzled

    I miss the Sonics…

    bawllin-sad

    ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ no-copyright

  • glans [it/its]@hexbear.net
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    41 minutes ago

    my grandad threw all his kids in the car and drove them way out to the countryside where it was real dark so the light pollution wouldn’t get in the way of everyone having a clear look at Sputnik cruising by. He thought it was important for them to see.

    It’s about the wholesomest image I can imagine in the 1950s.

  • rhubarb [he/him]@hexbear.net
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    50 minutes ago

    Math problems that involve realizing a number in them is a power of two are not real math, they do not test any practical mathematics skills, and anyone putting them on tests should be shot by a firing squad

    • WhatDoYouMeanPodcast [comrade/them]@hexbear.net
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      7 minutes ago

      My writer’s critique group unanimously agreed that I didn’t do a good enough job explaining my magic system and therefore the moment where a spell backfires didn’t have the impact it needed because there was still mystery as to what had just happened. When Evbo becomes a parkour pro his neighbor very quickly does a fantastic job in explaining the consequences of missing a jump as a pro and therefore showed competence in an area that I had trouble not just in my writing but in general.

  • Wendy_Pleakley [he/him, they/them]@hexbear.net
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    1 hour ago

    Being back in school is mindbending.

    Nobody is close to my age. I have mutual people with my classmates, but they’re all 5-10 years younger than me. They all have history with each other, and my only real connection is through people who they see as “the old guys”, so like, I’m the “old guy” to the “old guys”.

    Everyone reads music off tablets. In 2019 we made fun of the people who were reading off tablets…? Now I’m out of touch because I don’t have an iPad.

    I feel a massive cultural barrier. I feel like Captain America being thawed out of the iceberg. Time forgot me. Everyone was happy to call me dead. Put me back in the fucking ice.

    • StalinStan [none/use name]@hexbear.net
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      36 minutes ago

      The weird part in my situation is that I am kinda in the same place as the young people I am now associating with. Like, I still have some Nintendo games that are older than the people I am playing the switch with at lunch

    • viva_la_juche [they/them, any]@hexbear.net
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      2 hours ago

      we started watching horror movies almost every night since the end of sept. Watched like the entire insidious series which I’d never seen and that was … one of the horror movies. I should definitely get the vvitch in rotation

      • SoylentSnake [he/him, they/them]@hexbear.net
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        2 hours ago

        ive been trickling in since like mid sept, i love spooky season but the issue is ive seen so much of the good shit already and its a genre filled with mids at best and a lotta trash. like i love horror when it hits but it disappoints me so often (sorta how i feel about anime lol). the joy middle of the road spooky flicks give me has also diminished some with age but eh its still a fun yearly tradition.

        EDIT: The First Omen was pretty tight though, watched it last night and it was def the best first time watch i’ve had this spooky season so far.

  • StalinStan [none/use name]@hexbear.net
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    1 hour ago

    I just saw some of the most unhinged shit I have seen a while. I saw an old man lick thr chocolate off a finished butterfinger bar and then throw out the candy center. As I am shocked to silence he then opens a second to start the process anew. I have found a midden of wrappers. He has ostensibly doing this all day. I am not even upset just confused

    • rhubarb [he/him]@hexbear.net
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      2 hours ago

      My twitter account that has maybe 5 tweets gets followed by on average two users every day, all with pretty obviously randomly generated women’s names. The site is cooked beyond belief.

  • rhubarb [he/him]@hexbear.net
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    3 hours ago

    People love saying shit like “I like living in a place with four seasons!” and then you check and they have at most like 2.5 seasons